Health Care Organizations for Capital Budgets Essays

Health Care Organizations for Capital Budgets Essays Health Care Organizations for Capital Budgets Paper Health Care Organizations for Capital Budgets Paper All major business organizations dealing with economic conditions of uncertainty, opportunity costs, and scarce or depreciating resources have to develop capital budgets. The three major steps to developing a capital budget are: conducting a decision analysis to establish a base for knowledge building, establishing option pricing to secure an accurately assessed market position, and creating discounted cash flow (DCF) for making appropriate investment decisions for the organization. No organization can manage capital projects by simply looking at the numbers of discounted cash flows. A financial analyst for any organization must look at the entire decision and assess all relevant variables and outcomes within an analytical hierarchy. Decision-making regarding capital budgeting is increasingly complex today because of uncertainty, particularly in the health care environment where safety assessments of pharmaceuticals, health care insurance allotments, and other factors may affect the future of the organization. All capital projects will involve numerous variables and possible outcomes- but health care perhaps more than most. (Evans, pp. 1-2) In the second phase of capital budgeting, financial management, or consideration of options within capital budgeting is called contingent claims analysis or option pricing. Timing (when to enter certain ventures), abandonment (what past ventures to discontinue) and growth (what ventures to expand upon) are all critical- one must ask such questions as, what aspects of health care in the organization are revenue-producing and/or necessary to the community, what areas are more necessary at certain times of year, and what can be discontinued? (Evans, p. 3) Discounting refers to taking a future amount and finding its value today. Future values differ from present values because of the time value of money. Financial management recognizes the time value of money because of inflation, uncertainty, and opportunity for investment. Thus, the more uncertain the economic environment or industry, the more necessary such revenue analysis becomes- and hence, once again, the necessity of such capital analysis for health care. Bibliography : Evans. Matt. H. (2003) â€Å"Course 3: Capital Budgeting. † Excellence in Financial Management: Professional Training Course Files. Retrieved 17 Apr 2005 at exinfm. com/training/pdfiles/course03. pdf

The Golden Thread Essay Example

The Golden Thread Essay Example The Golden Thread Essay The Golden Thread Essay Essay Topic: Tale Of Two Cities A Tale of Two Cities is separated into three different books, Book one: Recalled to Life and Book two: The Golden Thread and Book three: The Track of a Storm, Which is one of the things that i like about the book. The first part of the book is explaining the era in which the novel takes place, England and France in 1775. The age is marked by competing and contradictory attitudes- â€Å"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. I like that the Dickens wants the reader to understand what is going on in the time period in which the story is told so we can understand the story better. Anoter reason why I like A Tale of Two Cities is how the story was told in 3rd person point of view. He switching his focus between cities and among several characters. The narrator is also omniscient, not only revealing the thoughts, emotions, and motives of the characters, but also supplying historical context to the events that occur, commenting confidently upon them. The narrator doesnt make the story so boring. The final reason why i liked A Tale of Two Cities is its not your typical heroic rebellion of a wronged people who bring peace to their society, but a bloodthirsty revolution of a desperate, starved peasantry. It wasnt just some made up story either. It was based upon a time period in which things where bad in France and England and Charles Dickens shows you that through this novel. Even though i did like some things in this book there where things about the book in which i did not like. For example how detailed the novel was. It was just too wordy for me. I like a novel that explains whats going on but not to the extent that Dickens does. He gives you just a little to much to grasp all at one time and at points in the book it is really hard to understand the what he is trying to tell. Another reason why I dislike the novel is some of the characters, for example I think Lucie Manette is a pathetic character. She adds a stereotype into the novel, being that women are weak and are unable to handle hard situations. She is too perfect and almost reaches the point of annoyance. One of the other reasons why I dislike the novel is the old style writting. I am a reader that has to be able to relate to the characters and the story line and if I cant. I dont stay interested for long and it makes the story boring for me. It has to have something I can understand what the characters are going through to make me want to read more. Even though i did like some things in this book the things I disliked out number the things I did. I wouldnt recomend this story to anybody enless you wanted to learn about France and England during the 1775 time period. The novel is just way too long and wouldnt keep intrest to many people. As i already told you i just couldnt relate to the story and the characters. I think Dickens spends way to much time describing unimportant details and events. I also didnt like that there were two page long sentences it was just to hard to grasp.

Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 - Essay Example Crash in the housing market also came under the occurrence in many regions of the world, as an outcome, a huge number of vacancies lingered. In addition, the crisis also played a vital role and made a deep impact in the breakdown of many businesses with falling off in consumer prosperity. The 2007 financial crisis is also termed as the Great Recession, the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), and Credit Crunch (Kolb, pp.77-139). The destruction of international financial institutions was outcome of the crash down of US housing bubbles, which lead to decline in the real estate pricing. Housing bubble is an economic bubble that arises in the local or international real estate market from time to time when the worth of the real estate properties faces a swift increase, which becomes unmatchable with the earnings and other economic factors. The financial crisis came to an end until mid of 2009, although it had left an indelible imprint across the globe that is still coming under experience. Ac cording to some research conducted by economists, it came under limelight that the crisis was completely manmade and was the result of wrong financial decisions. The stakeholders specifically the owners focused on the profit aspect of their business and neglected the risk factor involved in this profit making activity (United Nations, pp.1-10). In the years 2005-2006, the US housing bubble was packed, overcrowded and was at its highest point, which lead to the abrupt ground or the main cause due to which the crisis happened (Kolb, pp.77-139). The default rates that were high previously on subprime and adjustable rate mortgages further skyrocketed. The housing prices started to increase at a high percentage as banks started to provide the prospective mortgagee with more loans. Prospects were motivated by banks to take high loans ignoring the segment of interest rates, with a perspective and confidence that they would be able to repay the loans in less time. The housing prices dropped at a drastic speed as soon as the interest rates started climbing. Housing and credit upsurge lead to augmentation of various financial accords, namely mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO) at an unprecedented rate. This caught the attention of the local and international investors and corporations to plunge in the US housing market as they observed an opportunity to make potential profits from this market. With the turn down in the housing value, innumerable people including the global investors/institutions, borrowers and investors in subprime MBS faced heavy and noteworthy losses. The decline in housing value was so severe that had they auctioned the house, the recovery of the mortgage price would not have been possible. In 2006, the lenders of the housing loans received an incentive of foreclosure. They approached the legal officials for the recovery of their money (Kolb, pp.77-139). The banking organizations got a financial power and they s tarted absorbing customers’ wealth to make for their losses. This crisis was not only come under observance in housing sector but other factions of the economy also experienced the same drastic effects. The main reason for the crisis includes a number of factors. The mortgages come under sanction to a huge number of people, without

Proposed research on effects of progressive muscle relaxation Essay

Proposed research on effects of progressive muscle relaxation rechniques on chronic pain among cancer patients - Essay Example Research Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 c. Indexes and database†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 d. Exclusion and Inclusion principles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......12 Chapter 3 a. Reading and Evaluation of the study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 b. Data Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 c. Data Extraction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 d. Evaluation of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 e. Summary and conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 f. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......24 g. Appendixes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..25 Chapter 1 a. Abstract The proposed research for this study will discuss the progressive muscle relaxation and its techniques along with the effect that it has on chronic pain in patients with cancer. The techniques discussed can have a significant impact on reducing and relaxing chronic pain in patients with cancer. ... Chronic pain is extremely common in patients with cancer, especially those who are found in stage IV of the disease (Ahles, 2005). Pain can be divided into four types basing on the levels of intensity. These are weak, moderate, sever, and very severe (Godfrey, 2005). All analgesic therapy in cancer patients is based on the use of non-narcotic, narcotic, and support (adjuvant) drugs, the use of which forms the basis of a three-step approach to pain management which was developed and proposed by the world health organization (American Cancer Society, 2006). According to American Cancer Society (2006), one third of all cancer patients suffer from moderate to severe pain related to their cancer and over 50% of patients diagnosed with cancer suffer from some form of pain. The most common types of pain related to cancer are due to the cancer tumor and the treatment (Altice & Jamison, 2009). Unlike those who suffer from chronic pain that is unrelated to cancer, those with cancer experience pain in more than on area. (Melzack (2005) noted that pain can be both acute and chronic and often varies in presentation and that such pains are associated with the consequences of changes in psychosocial relationships, decreased quality of life, and increased rates of depression, as well as in anxiety. However, patients and providers often find that pharmacologic therapy does not completely control pain associated with cancer (Altice & Jamison, 2009). Altice and Jamison (2009) advanced a notion that Pharmacologic management of pain often comes with side effects such as nausea, constipation, drowsiness, pruritus, sedation, and delirium. Altice and Jamison (2009) concluded that complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies, including mind-body techniques, are

Contrast Japanese Families with US Essay Example for Free

Contrast Japanese Families with US Essay Japanese and U. S. families have many dissimilarity one of this the family concerns, role of the family towards raising and education and wedding ceremony practiced in Japan and American people. These can be read in the next paragraph. Family Concern The Japanese family is concern with their children and their aging grandparents. Greenfield Cocking, (1994) point out the practice of â€Å"collectivism† as also reveal by Naito Gielen, this volume. The children obey their parents and they are dependent on their parents. The children must not only obey the parents and grandparents, but must observe among themselves the domestic law of seniority: thus the younger brother should obey the elder brother, and the younger sister the elder sister. At the same time, Japanese parents have a strong expectation that the oldest son will take care of them when they get old. (Kagitcibasi, 1996) This is why the Japanese parents don’t encourage children to be independent as much as American parents do. The grand parents share their experiences and wisdom with grandchildren and provide unconditioned love. In return the children respected, and appreciated learning from them. While the U. S. families the individualism is develop. (Naito Gielen, p. 10) Children are encouraged to be independent and individual. During teenage years, children tend to emphasize â€Å"self† too much, and ignore â€Å"others† as emphasized by Naito and Gielen. American teenagers’ rebel against rules to gain freedom is independent and individual to them. The author further added that the parents need to fight through against â€Å"freedom without rules and responsibilities† that children insist on holding â€Å"Individual right protected under the Law†. (American Family Tradition 2006). The children allowed going to the party alone although the parent sets the time but they cannot force their children’s to go home early. The early freedom they give from their children’s is a preparation for their being responsible. Roles in the family In Japanese raising children, supervising their educations, do some household chores and other home accounting are a sole responsibility of the mothers’. The father will provide a monthly income needed for the family. They have their grandparents living with them. The grandparents still support the married children. In contrast the American families raise their children with a shared responsibility of a mother and father. Both parents participate in their children’s school activities when they need their presence. The household works are shared by both parents. Fathers often take the financial matters however the mothers also shared some depending on their agreement. Wedding Ceremony Excerpted in the Mothra Online Organization in Japan â€Å"The Japanese wedding ceremony they called it Shinto wedding and is performed before a Shinto sanctuary, set up for the occasion unless the wedding takes place in a Shinto shrine. It is preside by a Shinto priest who first holds the purification service of all present. After a ritual by the priest, reporting to olds on the marriage and requesting their lasting favors on the newly-weds it is now customary for the bridegroom to read an oath to keep faithful and obedient to each other in the married life. The oath may be given by the go-between in behalf of the new couple. The San-San-Kudo or ceremony of the Three-Times-Three Exchange of nuptial cups is then performed by the bridegroom and bride. The bridegroom and bride proceed to the sanctuary to offer twigs of Sakaki sacred tree in worship to gods to end the main part of the wedding ceremony. Drinks of Sake are then exchanged between members and close relatives of the both families to signify their union through the wedding†. According to Shizuko Mishima, Non-family members dont usually attend the marriage ceremony itself; rather they go to the wedding reception, called Kekkon Hiroen in Japanese. This very different in American wedding, the Wedding Ceremony is most often performed as part of a religious ceremony each with its own specific customs and traditions. On the day of the wedding the Groom does not see the Bride until the actual ceremony. As Custom would have it from Victorian Times: the Bride wears Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue, and a Sixpence in her shoe. Finally, a ring is exchanged to mark the permanent commitment of the new spouses to each other. (American Family Tradition 2006). It was perform by a priest or a pastor depending on the religious belief agreed by the groom and bride. Conclusion As read and figured by the different author that there are lots of differences that American and Japanese exhibit. They have different upbringing when it comes to children for the Japanese practice collectivism still supporting the children even if they have graduated college. With the contrasting American, that practice individualism preparing their children for early independence. All the disciplines on how to deal different family practices are sacrifice on the part of the parents. But the culture has great influence on all this issue.

The Combines Act :: essays research papers

The Combines Act J.C.H. Jones's article "The Economics of the National Hockey League" (1969) purpose is to explain through simple micro economics that the prime motive of professional hockey team owners is profit maximization. The owners argue that their main interest is "for the love of the game," not the financial benefits of owning a professional sports franchise and to avoid government regulations such as the Combines Act (note 1). An article written in 1982 by J.A. Schofield entitled "The Development of First Class Cricket in England," states the behavior of sport cartels. Three hypothesises are used to explain the behavior described by Schofield, number two being developed by J.C.H. Jones (1969). (1) The profit maximization hypothesis. (2)The joint profit maximization hypothesis that the entire cartel (league) strives for. This hypothesis does not incorporate non profit objectives that influence group behavior. (3) The utility maximization model that allow for many possibilities usually compromising arguments such as the success of the team at a given year and paid attendance for the team's venue. By explaining the frame work of a professional sports league Jones introduces us to factors that make an organized league function, which seems quite familiar to any other monopolistic markets. Since no team can create any revenue by themselves they must form a coalition with another club to produce a profit generating output, namely a hockey game. Other clubs enter this coalition thus creating a formal league which we call the National Hockey League. Jones then states how revenue is generated in the N.H.L and how it is affected by certain factors. A theoretical model of the N.H.L is created by Jones with all things being equal, creating an equilibrium amongst all clubs. The model is then adjusted to real life variables that turns his theoretical model into what we know as the N.H.L. Jone's variables includes the incentive for teams to win (this being the Stanely Cup), different quality of players, the amateur draft (a draft at the end of the season which amateur players a selected, last place team gets first pick and so forth), and player redistribution(trades). By applying microtheory Jones clearly presents his argument which I was able to understand with my current knowledge of microeconomics. Jones examines the revenue side of an individual team using the usual variables tastes, prices, incomes, quality and substitutes. On the supply side Jones stresses that the major element is the human inputs namely the hockey players. The data that Jones used was team statistics such as their final rank at the end of the season and the paid attendance as a percentage of maximum seating capacity.

Cronic Hunger

People often misunderstand and misuse the word, hunger. Hunger isn’t the sound our stomach makes due to not eating for a few hours. Hunger is a disease that arises when people don’t get enough food to provide the nutrients to experience a healthy active life. Hunger is a reality and growing issue. It is not an issue that has recently began; it has been on going for years.A person at risk of going hungry has surged since the start of the recession. Most people are ignorant to the fact that hunger is present and exists only in Third world countries, and not in First world countries. This is the reason why I have donated some of my time to attempt to create a change. I decided to work with a food pantry in one of the richest Counties in California, Orange County.The Saddleback Church and its members have created this organization to end chronic hunger in their area. The organization has been such a success that not every member is a volunteer, but most are employees, that have turned their passion in helping others into a full time job. As a volunteer I was what is called, a shopper. As a shopper I would help one family at a time in their shopping needs, depending on the size of the family is the amount of food they were given. In Sociology Chronic hunger is associated with poverty and economic inequality. There are three main theoretical perspectives in sociology, structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. These theoretical perspectives all give ideas and reasons to the nature, causes, and consequences of poverty and economic inequality.The structural- functionalist perspective believes poverty occurs from institutional breakdown. Economic institutions that fail to provide the necessities to not live in poverty. It does not all rely on the scarce amount of jobs, but as well on the education of both parents and school to educate children on the participation of the workforce. Overall the structural- functionalist perspect ive agrees that economic inequality is more beneficial to society than degrading. Due to the motivation it brings some individuals to succeed, and acquire higher achievements, in both education and the workforce that will later have a high reward.The functionalist perspective also believes poverty is needed for society to function. It creates low paying jobs that are needed, farm workers, gardeners, childcare workers, and restaurant workers. If there was not  poverty in society who would do these needed low paying jobs? Then there is the conflict perspective, it believes and states that because there is conflict in society there will be poverty in society as well. If there is wealthy people there has to be poor people, it balances society out.Wealthy people are self-centered and believe they deserve to be at the high position in society that they are. They view every lower class and poverty as a needed part of society, based on inequality. Over all the conflict perspective views p overty and conflict as a need and necessity to try to fix the problem of inequality. Lastly there is, symbolic interactionist perspective, which focuses on how meanings, labels, and definitions affect and are affected by social life. Society gives meanings and labels to everything. These meanings and labels affect the labeled and often cause them consequences. Individuals labeled, poor, are stigmatized as lazy, irresponsible, ignorant, and worthless.Soon they begin to believe and lack motivation to surpass this living. Due to these symbols existing and causing consequences to people there will always be poverty in our society. Whether it is, structural-functionalist perspective, conflict perspective or symbolic interactionist the reason for how, and why poverty exists, they are all linked to chronic hunger. Chronic hunger regardless is an issue in our society, and needs to be decreased. I absolutely loved the experience I had volunteering at the Saddleback food pantry. The best part about it was seeing every family’s appreciation for not only the food they had been given, but also your individual donated time.Just like them I also valued them for having taught me to appreciate what I have more. Due to this experience I now try to remember to say grace before every meal I have. Unfortunately there were some incidents that I experienced that were shocking and saddening. A few families that I helped shop did not understand that there were other families that were also relying on this food to get through another day. They would repeatedly ask me if they could have more than the amount they were suppose to have of a certain item. I would explain to them the reasons why not, and often they would get upset with me.One family actually began to take more than they were suppose to, after I had explained to them why they couldn’t. Besides having experienced these few incidents I am absolutely glad I volunteered at The Saddleback food pantry. The grateful, a ppreciative families surpass the few unfortunate  incidents I experienced. I would without a doubt, and hesitations redo the whole process.

Case Study Problems Perrier Essay

1. Identify the key elements of the resistance to change described in this situation. To identify the key elements of the resistanceto change described in this situation, one may make use of the six Change Approaches of Kotter and Schlesinger.[1]The model prevents, minimizes or descreases resistance to change in organizations. According to Kotter and Schlesinger (1979), there are four reasons that why people resist change, three of which are applicable to this case: The Parochial self-interest occurs when people are concerned with the impact of the change on themselves and how it may affect their own interests, rather than considering the effects for the success of the business. The union suggests this of Nestles. Jean-Paul Franc, head of the CGT at Perrier, sees the situation differently. In regard to the company’s plan to cut 15 percent of its workforce he protests: â€Å"Nestle can’t do whatever it likes† He says, â€Å"There are men and women who work here†¦ Morally speaking the water and the gas stored below this ground belong to the whole region.† [2] Misunderstanding which evolves through communication problems or inadequate information. Management of a company could not agree to a decision, perhaps due to a lack of information of the real problem. Relating to this case it is not very clear what is causing the lower production at this plant. According to Nestle CEO Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, â€Å"We have come to the point where the development of the Perrier brand is endangered by the stubbornness of the CGT. Where else according to Jean-Paul Franc, head of the CGT at Perrier as mentioned before, â€Å"In regard to the company’s plan to cut 15 percent of its workforce he protests, â€Å"Nestle can’t do whatever it likes.? He says, â€Å"There are men and women who work here†¦ Morally speaking the water and the gas stored below this ground belong to the whole region.†[3] Different assessments of the situation occurs when employees disagrees on the reasons why the company has to change and on the advantages and disadvantages of the process of change. This applies to the above differences in assessment of the problem and solution by the Nestler’s CEO and the union head. 2. Construct a change management strategy for dealing with this situation. In so doing, identify what approach (es) to managing resistance you recommend and provide a clear justification for your choice. Kotter and Schlesinger set out six change approaches to deal with resistance to change. In the following we make use of four of the approaches: [4] 1. Education and Communication There is a lack of information or inaccurate information and analysis. Instead of discussing directly with the employees, that sales were dropping, the manager used a form of manipulation in form of placing the competition’s bottles water e.g. Badoit Rouge in the factory cafeteria, which further antagonized workers. This action was opposed to the intended motivation. One of the best ways to overcome resistance to change is to educate people about the change effort before change occurs. Up-front communication helps employees to see the change effort. This reduces incorrect rumors concerning the effects of change in the organization. 2. Participation and Involvement This approach is useful when that the initiators do not have all the information they need to design the change and where others have considerable power to resist. This is the case at Perrier, where an identification of the real problem is essential. When using this approach it allows including the employees in the problem definition as well as potential solutions. It encourages open communication. The union and Nestles need to set the same goals. When employees are involved in the change effort, they are more likely agree with the change rather than resist. This approach is likely to lower resistance and those who merely acquiesce to change. 3. Negotiation and Agreement Someone or some group may lose out in a change and where that individual or group has considerable power to resist. This would be effective in dealing with the union at Perrier. This can be done by allowing change resistors to veto elements of change that are threatening. Another way is that change resistors can be offered incentives to leave the company through early buyouts or retirements in order to avoid having to experience the change effort. This approach is appropriate where those resisting change are in a position of power, like the CGT. 4. Explicit and Implicit Coercion This is a last resort approach where speed in change is essential. Managers can explicitly or implicitly force employees into accepting change by making clear that resisting changing can lead to losing jobs, firing, transferring or not promoting employees. Working together with CGT, Nestles can negotiate a projected percentage of increased production or otherwise the suggested number of layoffs (15%) will be required.

Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine Essays

Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine Essays Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine Essay Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine Essay Alternative medicine such as herbal remedies, Reiki, hypnosis, aromatherapy, and acupuncture are all ancient methods of medicine that have been used to heal patients for centuries. These holistic approaches to medicine are becoming increasingly popular as ways to improve the health and well being of individuals in contemporary societies, now commonly described as complementary medicine. This essay will discuss why people seek alternative or complementary medicine in favour of the conventional biomedical methods. I will then consider whether these holistic treatments challenge scientific medicine, or whether the two approaches can work along side each other. To begin with, I will describe what complementary and alternative medicine is. Complementary medicine is a group of therapeutic and diagnostic disciplines that focus on the individual as whole which contrasts with the biomedical model that views the body and mind as separate from each other. It exists outside the realms of biomedicine and the institutions that teach and provide healthcare based on the scientific approach. Complementary and alternative medicine has been set into groups but it is hard to define where each should go. A report by the House of Lords Select Committee for Science and Technology (2000), divides each therapy into groups ranging from those with a recognised research base, those starting to accumulate a research base, to those with no evidence-based research. There has been an increase in the use of complementary medicine in the fields of those grouped into the researched-based category such as acupuncture, homeopathy, chiropractic, and osteopathy, due to a consistent and coherent epistemology. However, with the best of modern medicine available, why has this increase occurred? One explanation for the increase in popularity is dissatisfaction with conventional medicine. Sharma notes that users of alternative medicine report how scientific drugs do not always work and can cause iatrogenic damage. The biomedical approach focuses on treating and curing the symptoms rather than preventing the cause. This is in contrast to complementary medicine that considers other factors to identify the cause such as lifestyle, environment, diet, and mental health alongside physical symptoms. Emphasis placed on sophisticated technology, pharmaceutical drugs, and surgery often has harmful side effects. Studies have shown that significant numbers of adults in Britain and other countries have used complimentary or alternative therapies. In 1989, the BMJ reported that about one in eight Britons use complimentary therapies. A more recent research study conducted by the BBC has shown that complimentary and alternative medicines are becoming increasingly popular. The number of people using complimentary medicine has doubled over the past six years. The majority of the people surveyed said the main reason they used complementary and alternative medicine was because it worked for them, but other reasons given includes that it was relaxing and that it helped to prevent illness. Practitioners of complementary medicine give longer consultations averaging 1 hour as opposed to 5-7 minutes with a GP. This made patients feel more valued with better communication between themselves and the complementary practitioner. Vickers (2000) notes that recent advances into complementary medicines research show the quality is improving along with sound evidence to support its usage. In addition, medical practitioners in the conventional settings are also recommending patients try some forms of complementary therapies due to the rise of the evidence base. HRH the Prince of Wales and indeed the whole royal family are great believers of holistic medicine. Prince Charles believes many people could benefit from complimentary medicine. The Prince has suggested a national strategy for alternative medicine. By increasing the funding for the Foundation for Integrated Medicine, this could co-ordinate this strategy such as, allocate funding, provide a networking resource, train researchers, disseminate information and monitor research development. He also that more funding should go towards bursaries, fellowships, and research centres within the NHS. Although conventional medicine and complimentary medicine have existed separately, the two are becoming integrated and provided in the same structural site. As Vickers also points out, in 2000 around 40% of GPs in the UK offered access to alternative medicine, osteopathy and chiropractic therapies being the most common. Relaxation classes such as yoga are offered to improve well being in those with mild anxiety or depression. Those who practice osteopathy and chiropractic treatments now registered in these fields with regulatory bodies, often work alongside biomedical practitioners within the NHS. The NHS are calling for more funding for research into complementary medicine in the UK and recently funded two trails of acupuncture for the treatment of chronic pain and help to individuals to stop smoking. The former is proving to be effective although the latter is not so effective. The greening of medicine suggests the two methods working together would force complementary medicine into the biomedical paradigm. It argues this because biomedicine originated from science and scientific studies that are proven and empirical, whereas complementary medicine is viewed as murky. The two methods are very different from another and a different way of thinking about health. The meeting of the two approaches in my opinion can work together effectively as attitudes towards complementary medicine has shifted in emphasis to more of a belief in the empirical evidence that supports its efficacy and effectiveness. Biomedicine was once suspicious of complementary medicine but the two now work closely in research and clinical trials. Complementary medicine and its therapeutic relationship has shown to be effective for a number of reasons, for example patient empowerment and more communication between doctor and patient with longer consultations. To conclude, this essay has highlighted some of the reasons why many people in society prefer to use complementary and alternative methods to improve their health and well being. The increasing trials and a strong evidence base give empowerment to individuals in making decisions about desired health care. In addition, as there is more acceptance within the medical profession with around 1 in 10 GPs now recommending its usage improved access to alternative and complementary therapies under the NHS should be addressed. Not only does it alleviate pressures of an already over stretched health care system in terms of resources and time, some therapies are proven to work and improve the physical health and mental well being of those who use it.

Free Essays on Freedom Of Bytes

freedom of bytes By: Anonymous Freedom of Bytes In today’s era there exists a medium, which like never before is becoming a medium of communication and interaction between humans, namely the World Wide Web. This old but yet new medium is expanding and changing rapidly, thus making it close to impossible to control. The World Wide Web is offering more to society now than it ever has before, created by the army to keep up communications during crisis, it’s importance to the army has also transcended into regular society. The internet is offering commerce, entertainment, and most important easy and fast access to information about anything and everything possibly conceivable by humans. Through the computer people are now literally a few mouse clicks away from buying anything from cars to toothbrushes, clicks away from entering a chatroom and conversing with fellow â€Å"Netizens†, and few clicks away from databases, essays, articles, and multimedia presentations on any entity whatsoever. For the same reasons that the World Wide Web is so valuable and popular, it is also bad and dangerous. You might be able to shop around for an airplane ticket and might decide to buy one over the internet, yet the minute you type in your credit card number you attract people in finding that number and using it without your consent. You might be amazed at how easy and helpful sending e-mails is, yet it is also easy for someone to send you unsolicited information, which you might not be interested in and in some instances you might even have objections to it. Since the internet is so easy, accessible and essentially unregulated, it leaves room for many controversies about the web, including electronic commerce, credit card fraud, invasion of privacy and more. By far though the most controversial and talked about â€Å"problem† is pornography on the web. Imagine the previous example of receiving unwanted e-mail imagine you suddenly get sent nude pic... Free Essays on Freedom Of Bytes Free Essays on Freedom Of Bytes freedom of bytes By: Anonymous Freedom of Bytes In today’s era there exists a medium, which like never before is becoming a medium of communication and interaction between humans, namely the World Wide Web. This old but yet new medium is expanding and changing rapidly, thus making it close to impossible to control. The World Wide Web is offering more to society now than it ever has before, created by the army to keep up communications during crisis, it’s importance to the army has also transcended into regular society. The internet is offering commerce, entertainment, and most important easy and fast access to information about anything and everything possibly conceivable by humans. Through the computer people are now literally a few mouse clicks away from buying anything from cars to toothbrushes, clicks away from entering a chatroom and conversing with fellow â€Å"Netizens†, and few clicks away from databases, essays, articles, and multimedia presentations on any entity whatsoever. For the same reasons that the World Wide Web is so valuable and popular, it is also bad and dangerous. You might be able to shop around for an airplane ticket and might decide to buy one over the internet, yet the minute you type in your credit card number you attract people in finding that number and using it without your consent. You might be amazed at how easy and helpful sending e-mails is, yet it is also easy for someone to send you unsolicited information, which you might not be interested in and in some instances you might even have objections to it. Since the internet is so easy, accessible and essentially unregulated, it leaves room for many controversies about the web, including electronic commerce, credit card fraud, invasion of privacy and more. By far though the most controversial and talked about â€Å"problem† is pornography on the web. Imagine the previous example of receiving unwanted e-mail imagine you suddenly get sent nude pic...

Life is Short Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Life is Short - Essay Example These emotions shape his character, which helps him deal with the real world that is made up of different dynamics that he is yet to discover. Part of a man's life is to find out what the different compositions of life are. Furthermore, as he tries to discover the world, he learns from it. Man initially learns fear. He fears of being alone. He fears the world as it engulfs him into a myriad of rationally opportunistic human beings like him. These people are exactly just like him who wants to find their place in the world. However, once man learns how to deal with the different circumstances that are naturally existent on earth, he no longer fears. He finds comfort and excitement upon realizing his ability to interact. With his ability to maintain a harmonious relationship with other human beings, he discovers the different ways of how to make his life exciting. Man learns to have fun. It is at this point when he forgets the reality that sooner or later his happiness will have to end. The attention that he gets from the world and the unlimited pleasure that it gives him feels like a drug that makes him yearn for more wealth and power. As such, he does not realize how his life had gone by so fast. More often than not, it is too late when he finally realizes once more that his life will soon come to an end.

The Founding of the Caliphate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Founding of the Caliphate - Essay Example People’s right like social security, family structure, rights of women and children were tremendously improved in his time but his sudden death in 632 created disarray in the society (Ahmad 246–248). He never specified anyone as his successor who will rule the Muslim ummah after his death. Soon after his death, a debate started over the selection of the next leader among two groups of the regions, Al-Tabari and Ibn Hisham, however, these debates were not reaching to any implications. Background One of the Helper groups of Muhammad was Banu Sa’ida. It was a Jewish tribes from Medina who helped the Muslims when the emigrated from Makah to Medina. They were also included as the allies of Muslims in the constitution of Medina. But soon after Muhammad’s death the group gathered and decided to take the authority of Medina. They said that their tribe has precedence in religion and merit in Islam that no Arab tribe had and now is the time to take the authority bac k. They said that Allah has conferred merit on them and they were the ones who fought more heavily than any other for the glorification of Islam and Muhammad against his enemies in the Holy wars (Edmund). They were acclaiming that it was through their swords that people came near to Muhammad and Islam and now after His (PBUH) death, it is only their right to keep the authority for them and not for anyone else. On the other side, many of them were also thinking that emigrants of Quraish, the first companions of Muhammad who came with him to Medina, would refuse their authority. This news reached to Umar, the companion of Prophet who approached to Abu bakr with this news. Abu-Bakr was preparing for the burial of Muhammad’s body (PBUH) at that time and was in a state of shock. But Umer insisted his presence outside. He informed him that Helpers have gathered in the porch of Banu Sa’ida and willing to confer the authority to Sa’d Ibn Ubada. Abu-bakr joined Umer with his companions and sat in a meeting with Banu Sa’ida to resolve the issue of authority. Umar ibn al- Khattab wished to make a speech there but Abu Bakr asked him to let him speak first and afterwards he speaks whatever he wants to. Speech of Abu Bakr To settle the situation at that time and to avoid any kind of chaos in the state, Abu-bakr made a historical speech. He started his speech by praising Allah and said that Allah sent Prophet Muhammad to His creatures to lighten up their hearts and to show them the right path of worshiping Allah and Allah alone. He said that they were living in darkness and worshipping various gods and considering them as intercessors for them with God, though they were only made of stones and carved wood. In such situation it was a tremendous thing for the Arabs to abandon the religion of their forefathers and accept Islam as the true religion. He said that it was the Allah’s blessing that Emigrants (people of Makah) were the first HE sele cted for His religion. Allah showed them the right path with the guidance of Prophet Muhammad and they soon recognized the truth that Allah is the only one worth worshiping. Emigrants were few in numbers in the beginning, their tribes were against them but they never got afraid and stand stiff against all the enemies of Islam. Abu Bakr said that Emigrants are Prophet’s friends and among his clan and he believes that they are the best entitled of all the men to